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Mild Mental Retardation

Introduction:

Mild mental retardation is a form of developmental disability and intellectual handicap and refers to the state, where intellectual development is week or more slow than the children of the same age group.

Mild mental retardation is a developmental disability and can be assessed from psychological or social factors. Psychologically, mental retard ness can be assessed by intelligence test.  On intelligence scale (100), WHO (world health organization) has sets the boundary for mild mental retardation disability at IQ 50-70.

However social criteria is determined by individual’s capacity to meet the demands of surrounding people. The targets for individual here will be different from each other and will depend on life situation and social and cultural contexts. Majority of people with lower IQ, will still manage to meet up to the demands of the society.

Diagnosis:

Mild mental retardation is assessed by two factors, the first being IQ score of 50-70 and the second being lack of potential to meet social demands.

Administrative Help:

Each country has their own setup to identify mild mental retarded people and identified people get helps from the respective governments. Administrative criteria are partly a combination of psychological and social criteria. It is not necessarily that if someone meets the psychological as well as social criteria, will be entitled for government help.

Population affected by Mild mental retardation:

• Only a few infants are diagnosed with mild mental retard ness.
• The percentage of mild mental retarded is maximum in the age group of 10-15.
• The demand for intelligence is required in schools, so the highest percentage of retarded children belongs to the above age group.
• The percentage also decreases during adulthood.
• Internationally almost 2% of population is identified with decreased developmental disabilities.
• In addition to mild developmentally disabled people, there are many more moderately or severely developmentally disabled people.
• Internationally, the number of male mentally retarded child is more than the corresponding female child.

Causes of Mild Mental Retardation:

• A few percentages of mild developmental disorders have proven causes including organic disorders.
• Most of the mild developmental disorders have been related to social and cultural backgrounds.
• Heavy stress load and lack of cultural and intellectual resources increase the risk of developmental disabilities.

Prevention of Mild Mental Retardness:

Mental developmental disabilities can be reduced to a great extent by

• Providing children’s growth in general.
• Helping the mentally retarded people.
• Broad supportive programme should be initiated, such as mother’s health check up, pre natal care, child health care, and preschool for children.
• Preschools can also identify the developmental delays and accordingly the administrative help can be provided for uplifting these children.
• Initiation of programme for children in high-risk families, where parents have low income, poor education or mild mental retard ness.

Results pf preventive measures:

Results of all the preventive measures taken by the authorities contributed to the many mildly retarded people, and these people were able to support themselves without special help.

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